17 Atomic Energy Tests for Spect Devices

17 atomic energy tests for spect devices:

In this paper, we are going to investigate the 17 atomic energy tests that have been set up to test and evaluate the performance of gamma-spect devices. First of all, it is necessary to ask questions such as whether there is a standard for examining the technical and specialized performance of Spect devices in the world? And whether there's an international organization for this? Does gamma-compara spect device need to be checked and tested? and ask questions like that. In the world, to evaluate nuclear medicine devices such as gamma-merma, spect, spectct and pet CT, two organs and international associations are developing laws and providing patterns. One of these associations is the Nuclear Medicine Division -- the National Association of Electricity Producers, or NEMA, and the other is the International Atomic Energy Agency, or IAEA.

What is NEMA in Nuclear Medicine?

The Department of Nuclear Medicine - The National Association of Electrical Manufacturers (NEMA) is an association that examines and evaluates the medical activity of medical imaging devices. This association offers an international standard for testing nuclear imaging devices that manufacturers of these devices must produce their own devices according to the standards of this association and after obtaining the certificates of this association in the market.

What is the International Atomic Energy Agency or IAEA and its purpose?

The IAEA is the global center of nuclear cooperation and seeks to promote safe, safe and peaceful use of nuclear technologies. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) serves as the world's most important intergovernmental forum for scientific and technical cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy. The agency has also focused its activities on nuclear medicine equipment on the quality and evaluation of these equipment, as well as protecting those active in the field, as well as standards for the production of imaging devices and treatment of nuclear medicine. By 2020-2021 the organization was comprised of 175 member states. It is headquartered in Vienna, Austria.

Atomic Energy Organization of Iran or AEOI

The Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI) is a government agency in Iran affiliated with the Iranian presidency that is responsible for the development of nuclear technology and all matters related to atomic energy in Iran. This organization is responsible for inspection of nuclear medicine imaging equipment and all medical devices with radiation and in relation to radiation in Iran. It includes gamma-comp devices, spect, spect CT, pet CT, radiology, CT scan, angiography and other devices. The 17 tests of gamma-spect devices have been planned and designed by the organization for testing and inspection by the Atomic Energy Organization. These tests are a combination of nema and IAEA international tests, which are regulated and implemented for Iran.

List of 17 tests of gamma-composite spect devices

Test 1) Physical Inspection – Physical Inspection

The purpose of this test is to investigate the physical cases associated with the device and even the nuclear medicine department where the gamma-spect device is installed. Like: - Check thermometer and humidifier inside the scanning room - Check the input and output of UPS - Equipped with the center with lead paravan, lead gown, thyroidband - Check the latest air conditioning service of the complex and such investigations.

Test 2) Peak Energy Test - Centering of PHA Window and Intrinsic Energy Resolution

This test is performed to co-orate the energy peak of radioisotopes and adjust the energy peak width (FWHM). This test is performed for all radioisotopes used for all detectors in the centers.

Test 3 and 4) Point Source Uniformity Test - Intrinsic Flood Field Uniformity Test

Investigation of uniformity and homogenization of images helps to properly interpret images in nuclear medicine. In this test, uniformity of the response of the entire detector region to an active point source is investigated. Test 5 and 9) Spatial and Linear Resolution Test - Intrinsic Spatial Resolution and Linearity Test Check the spatial resolution and linearity of the detectors, to check the quality of full-body images or bone images. With this test, small amounts of the following parameters are visible for UFOV and CFOV: 1- Differential Linearity 2- Absolute Linearity

Test 6) Spatial Resolution Test - Extrinsic Spatial Resolution Test

This test examines the resolution of the system in both longitudinal and transverse directions and reports the results both qualitatively (graph) and quantitatively (FWHM and FWTM).

Test 7) Uniform uniformity test - Extrinsic Uniformity Test – Tc-99m, Flood Source

In the uniformity test, we examine the uniformity of the images. The uniformity and homogenization of images contributes greatly to the correct interpretation of images in nuclear medicine. In this test, uniformity of the response of the entire detector region to a radioactive distribution is investigated. This test is performed by uniform phantom plate.

Test 8) Resolution Energy Test - Intrinsic Energy Resolution Test

The purpose of this test is to describe the gamma camera's ability to differentiate between different photons of energy.

Test 10) System Sensitivity Test - System Sensitivity

Obtaining the count rate of the device per one activity is specified and specified.

Test 11) Leak detector test - Detector head shielding leakage

The purpose of this test is to detect the leakage of the detector in case the cover of the detector is physically damaged with a healthy state. In this test, the amount of radiation received from the junction of the collimator and detector can be detected.

Test 12) Energy window test for radioisotopes with multiple energy peaks - multiple window spatial registration

The purpose of this test is to determine whether images obtained at different photonic energies with different couriers, more than one PHA are simultaneously placed in an additive or fractional state, meaning whether the output images with one energy peak affect the image with another courier.

Test 13) Pixel Size Test - Absolute Size of a Pixel

The aim of this test is to evaluate the pixel size in a tomography imaging.

Test 14) Tomographic Uniformity Test -(NM14) Tomographic Uniformity of the Camera

The aim of this test is to evaluate the tempographic uniformity of the gamma-meric camera. This test is performed with the Phantom of Gizak.

Test 15) Tomographic Resolution Test - Tomographic Resolution

In this test, the resolution of the system is investigated when the scan is similar to clinical conditions and considering the skter.

Test 16) Center or COR Round Circulation Test - Center of Rotation

The purpose of checking is whether the gamma-camra rotation system works around the axis and in a fixed space state without problems. Since this is very important in the reconstruction of projection images, and if the deviation from the center during the rotation of the device is more than acceptable to the company or NEMA tests, the reconstruction of the images will not be done correctly.

Test 17) Total Performance Test - Total Performance (Jaszczak Phantom Test)

The purpose of this test is to check and verify the performance of the device in a scan with a high number of kants, so that using this scan can obtain the contrast of images for the device using fixed and specified dimensions. This test is performed with the Phantom of Gizak.

Final word:

In this paper, we reviewed and introduced the 17 tests required by the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran for gamma-composite spect devices installed in Iran. We hope this article will help people who want to do these tests for their center. For more advice on calibration and tests of nuclear medicine devices, you can contact the technical experts of medical scans. The design and site of the nuclear medicine department plan, 17 tests with accreditation from the Atomic Energy Organization can also be requested from the medical scanning platform.